Cheap accommodations are useful if you’re a student, or on a budget, or traveling so much that you can’t afford that many nights in the Ritz Carlton.
Hostels in particular tend to be communal, offering an opportunity to talk with strangers and get to know your fellow travelers that is not really matched by most other kinds of hotel, where the owners assume you want your privacy. Counter to stereotype, only some of these travelers will be young Australians.
A good hostel offers some kinds of amenity that are hard to come by in other kinds of budget housing. Because they cater to an itinerant crowd, they tend to have not only internet access but also computers by which to get online, so that if you’re traveling without a laptop, you can still get in touch with the rest of the world. Because many of the guests can’t afford to eat at restaurants, hostels sometimes have cafeterias or kitchens. There aren’t televisions in the dorm rooms, but there is often a television lounge and/or game room. Some hostels will even rent out private or family rooms: the cost is more than the price of a dormitory bed, but less than that of most hotel rooms. And there tend to be hostels in places that have no other budget lodging at all, such as the downtown areas of major American cities. In the US, prices tend to run from $17 to $25 for a dorm bed for a night; in continental Europe, $12 to $25; in England, $24-40.
The negatives: hostels can be loud; they offer little privacy; there isn’t always much security for valuable belongings (though some places have lockers); they provide no toiletries (though the nicer ones may have a vending machine for same). They may expect you to bring your own towels or sheets, or conversely may forbid you to do so. Many hostels impose curfews after which you can’t get in, and some have lock-outs during the day, during which their guests must leave so that the hostel staff can clean. If any of these things is a concern, be sure to check up on the offerings at the specific place you’re going.
Aside from the listings below, I can vouch for the HI-Boston and the Globetrotters Inn in San Francisco. Generally speaking, hostels associated with Hosteling International or YHA can be relied on for a very basic level of respectability — that is, they’ll probably be mostly clean and they’ll probably impose essential standards of civility on their guests. Independent hostels range more widely, and can be excellent (see Marmaduke’s, below) or ghastly.
The good news is that you can learn to distinguish the really awful ones: I don’t list any appalling hostels here because I haven’t stayed in one since 1998 or so, and it doesn’t seem fair. You may want to be cautious about hostels that advertise themselves too emphatically as “fun”, since this often translates to “loud at all hours”; those that charge significantly less than the rate for an HI hostel in the same area; those that let guests pay for part of their stay by doing shifts of chores, since this often means that the bathrooms are cleaned inadequately by people with no real motivation; or any that look obviously dirty or smell funny when you walk in.
Best value: Youth Hostel Basel. Clean, spacious, well-lit, located in a nice section of town, and providing a free transit pass that allows the holder to wander the city more or less at will. As hostels go, it really doesn’t get much better. Only a few blocks away is the very fine Basel museum of classical art, which contains the best collection of obscene and erotic Greek vases I have ever seen in one place. What, your bags aren’t packed yet?
Most comfortable: The new Oxford YHA makes an amusing attempt to educate its visitors about the cultural legacy of Oxford: the walls are lined with images of famous Oxford grads and professors from C. S. Lewis to Bill Clinton, and one of the rooms is decorated in a tribute-to-Middle-Earth decor. What’s more, the rooms, though sized for six, do have their own quite clean toilets and separate showers, which means a minimum of standing in line or fretting about whether someone is stealing your possessions while you bathe. The down-side: England is so expensive that a hostel will cost you as much as a single in other parts of Europe. Similarly, Marmaduke’s of York is quite pleasant, but it is cheap only by England standards and it’s also a moderate trudge from the part of town you probably want to see. Not so bad on most occasions, but unpleasant if you’re trying to carry your bags back to the train station. Conversely, be cautious of any London hostel charging less than 15 pounds, as the odds are that it won’t be clean. Outside London, respectable places can be a bit cheaper; see for instance the Globe Backpackers hostel in Exeter.
Most hard-core: Linda’s Bunkhouse, Dutch Harbor, Alaska. No, it’s not really a hostel, and is comparatively comfortable — you get your own room rather than sharing with a bunch of other people. But it caters almost entirely to fishermen, and treats its customers with a kind of cheerful bullying that you wouldn’t expect even from the grimmer sort of hostel. There are big signs everywhere telling you when and where to take off your shoes (at the door), whom you may have in your room (no one but you), when and how you may use the showers, what will happen to you if you do not pay your bill (in cash), etc. It’s all cheerful bullying, and I liked the owners and the other guest-inmates, but it’s not the average sort of lodging.
Loudest after midnight: the Bank Street Hostel, Philadelphia. Philadelphia is not the safest or most comforting of US cities, but if you have to stay somewhere cheap downtown, the Bank Street Hostel is a fair choice. Bank Street itself is little more than an alley, but it is at least in Old City, which tends to generate a lot of night custom and isn’t as eerily deserted as many other parts of the city. It’s a short walk from the nearest subway line, and an even shorter walk from a cafe with free internet access. The down-side is that the hostel is immediately opposite a club. On weekday nights this is not so bad, but on the weekends, you can expect to be kept up to all hours by music, yelling, and the occasional smashing glass.